Fatores de risco cardiovascular em pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19
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Objetivo: Determinar os fatores de risco cardiovascular em pacientes hospitalizados pela COVID-19. Material e métodos: Revisão sistemática que incluiu estudos observacionais com fatores de risco da doença cardiovascular em pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19, com texto disponível, em inglês ou espanhol; foram excluídas cartas ao editor, resumos, documentos e ensaios clínicos, estudos sem dados confiáveis e fontes duplicadas. Foi realizada uma busca bibliográfica de literatura na PubMed, MEDLINE e JAMA, de 12 a 18 de junho de 2021, e foram avaliadas estratégias de busca através do programa do Manual Cochrane de revisões
sistemáticas. O programa Mendeley foi utilizado para gerenciar as referências bibliográficas e a eliminação de estudos. Avaliou-se a qualidade metodológica de artigos com ferramentas do Instituto Nacional do Coração, Pulmões e Sangue (NHLBI), e se proporcionou uma qualificação geral 75 % bom, 50-75 % regular, < 50 % mau. Resultados: De 400 artigos foram selecionados 10 estudos de coortes, 3 retrospectivos, 1 prospectivo e 1 revisão sistemática e metaanálise. Os factores de risco da doença cardiovascular em pacientes hospitalizados com COVID-19, nesta revisão sistemática foram: 46 % dos pacientes padeceu de hipertensão arterial (HTA); 21 %, diabetes mellitus; 15 %, dislipidemia; 10 %, doença renal crónica (ERC); 6 %, infarto
miocárdio (IAM); 5 %, obesidade mórbida; 4 %, insuficiência cardíaca crônica (ICC) e fibrilação auricular (FA); e 3 %, doença cerebrovascular (ECV). Conclusão: Os principais fatores de risco da doença cardiovascular em pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 foram hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia, infarto do miocárdio e obesidade.
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