Cardiovascular risk factors in patients hospitalized for COVID-19
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To determine cardiovascular risk factors in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Material and methods: Systematic review that includedobservational studies with cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients hospitalized with COVID-19, with text available, in English or Spanish; letters to the editor, abstracts, documents and clinical trials were excluded, studies without reliable data and duplicate sources. A bibliographic search of literature was conducted in PubMed, MEDLINE and JAMA, from June 12 to 18, 2021, search strategies were evaluated through the program of the Cochrane Manual of systematic reviews. The Mendeley program was used to manage bibliographic references and eliminate studies. The methodological quality of articles was evaluated with tools from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI), and an overall rating of 75 % good, 50-75 % regular, < 50 % bad was provided. Results: From 400 articles, 10 cohort studies, 3 retrospective studies, 1 prospective study, and 1 systematic review and meta-analysis were selected. The risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in this systematic review were: 46% of patients had high blood pressure (HTN); 2 1 % had diabetes mellitus; 15 % had dyslipidemia; 10% had chronic kidney disease (CKD); 6%, myocardial infarction (AMI); 5%, morbid obesity; 4%, chronic heart failure (CHF) andatrial fibrillation (AF); and 3 %, cerebrovascular disease (CVD). Conclusion: The main risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 were: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, myocardial infarction and obesity.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Dhama K, Khan S, Tiwari R, Sircar Sh, Bhat S, Malik YS, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019– CO VID -19. Clin M icrobiol R ev [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 33(4): 1-48. Doi: 10.1128/CMR.00028-20 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00028-20
Gralinski LE, Menachery VD. Return of the coronavirus: 2019-nCoV. Viruses [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 12(2): 135. Doi: DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v12020135
3390/v12020135. 6. Wu Z, McGoogan J. Characteristics of and Important Lessons from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA - Journal of the American
Organización Mundial de la Salud. Tablero COVID-19 [Internet]. Organización Mundial de la Salud; [citado el 07/05/2021].
Disponible: https://covid19.who.int/
Badawi A, Ryoo S. Prevalence of comorbidities in the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV ): a systematic review and metaanalysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases [Internet]. 2016 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 49: 129 -133. Disponible: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27352628/
Badawi A , Ryoo S. Prevalence of comorbidities in the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV ): a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases [Internet]. 2016 [citado el 14/06/2021]: 129- 133. Disponible: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27352628/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2016.06.015
Wu Z, McGoogan J. Characteristics of and Important Lessons from the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak in China: Summary of a Report of 72314 Cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 323(13): 1239-1242. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2762130 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2648
Garg S, Kim L, Whitaker M, O'Halloran A, Cummings C, Holstein R, et al. Hospitalization Rates and Characteristics o Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory- Confirmed Coronavirus Disease 2019 — COVID-NET, 14 States, March 1–30, 2020. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly DOI: https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6915e3
Report [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 69(15): 458-464. Disponible: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32298251/
Alsofayan Y, Althunayyan S, Khan A, Hakawi A, Assiri A. Clinical characteristics of COVID- 19 in Saudi Arabia: A national retrospective study. Journal of Infection and Public Health [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 13(7): 920-925. Disponible: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32534945/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.026
Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Xia J, Liu H, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 14/06/2021]; 8(5): 475-481. Disponible: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32105632/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30079-5
Instituto Nacional del Corazón, los Pulmones y la Sangre. Herramienta de evaluación de la calidad para estudios observacionales de
cohortes y transversales [Internet]. Instituto Nacional del Corazón, los Pulmones y la Sangre; [citado el 07 de mayo de 2021]. Disponible en: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/study-quality-assessment-tools.
Xu L, Mao Y, Chen G. Risk factors for 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients progressing to critical illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 12 (12): 12410-12421. Disponible: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ar ticles/PMC7343456/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.103383
Puntmann V, Carerj M, Wieters I, Fahim M, Arendt C, Hoffmann J, et al. Outcomes of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Imaging in Patients Recently Recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiology [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 5(11): 1265-1273. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2768916 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3557
Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, Wu X, Zhang L, He T, et al. Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiology [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 5(7): 811-818. Disponible:https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763845 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017
Rubin G, Desai A, Chai Z, Wang A, Chen Q, Wang A, et al. Cardiac Corrected QT Interval Changes among Patients Treated for COVID- 19 Infection during the Early Phase of the Pandemic. JAMA Network Open [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 4(4): e216842. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanet DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.6842
workopen/fullarticle/2779053
Purroy F, Arqué G. Influence of thromboembolic events in the prognosis of COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Results from a cross sectional study. PLOS ONE [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 16(6): e0252351. Disponible: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189499/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252351
Lodigiani C, Iapichino G, Carenzo L, Cecconi M, Ferrazzi P, Sebastian T, et al. Venous and arterial thromboembolic complications in COVID-19 patients admitted to an academic hospital in Milan, Italy. Thrombosis Research [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 191: 9-14. Disponible: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ar ticles/PMC7177070/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.024
Panagides V, Vincent F, Weizman O, Jonveaux M, Trimaille A, Pommier T, et al. History of heart failure in patients with coronavirus
disease 2019: Insights from a French registry. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 15/06/2021]. Disponible: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1875213621000875
Rosenthal N, Cao Z, Gundrum J, Sianis J, Safo S. Risk Factors Associated with In-Hospital Mortality in a US National Sample of Patients with COVID-19. JAMA Network Open [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 3(12): e 2029058. Disponible:https://jamanetwork.com/journ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.29058
als/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2773971
Ryffel C, Lanz J, Corpataux N, Reusser N, Stortecky S, Windecker S, et al. Mortality, Stroke, and Hospitalization Associated with D efer red vs Expedited Aor tic Valve Replacement in Patients Referred for Symptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Network Open [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 3 ( 9 ): e2020402. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2771036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20402
Alshaikh M, Alotair H, Alnajjar F, Sharaf H, Alhafi B, Alashgar L, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors among patients infected with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Vascular Health and Risk Management [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 17: 161-168. Disponible: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ar ticles/PMC8071203/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/VHRM.S300635
Ioannou G, Locke E, Green P, Berry K, O'Hare A , ShahJ, et al. Risk Factors for Hospitalization, Mechanical Ventilation, or Death among 10131 US Veterans with SARSCoV-2 Infection. JAMA Network Open [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 3(9): 2 0 2 2 3 1 0 . D i s p o n i b l e : https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2770946
Shi S, Qin M, Shen B, Cai Y, Liu T, Yang F, et al. Association of Cardiac Injury with Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Cardiology [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 5(7): 802-810. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/2763524 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamacardio.2020.0950
Mortus J, Manek S, Brubaker L, Loor M, Cruz M, Trautner B, et al. Thromboelastographic Results and Hypercoagulability Syndrome in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Who Are Critically Ill. JAMA Network Open [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 3(6): e2011192. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2766786 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.11192
Sun W, Zhang Y, Wu C, Wang S, Xie Y, Zhang D, et al. Early vs. Late Onset Cardiac Injury and Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in Wuhan. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine [Internet]. 2021 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 8: 645587. Disponible: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2021.645587/full DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2021.645587
Wu C, Chen X, Cai Y, Xia J, Zhou X, Xu S, et al. R isk Fac tors Associated with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Death in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA Internal Medicine [Internet]. 2020 [citado el 15/06/2021]; 180(7): 934-943. Disponible: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2763184 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.0994