Creencias sobre medidas preventivas y desinformación sobre la COVID-19 en una ciudad al sur del Perú
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Objetivo: Evaluar las creencias e información sobre la COVID-19 en jóvenes y adultos de Ilo, Perú. Material y métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa utilizando como técnica las entrevistas y como instrumento una guía de entrevista semiestructurada. Para la obtención de los códigos, se trabajó con una aproximación inductiva con preguntas abiertas relacionadas a las medidas de prevención de la COVID-19. Para el análisis de datos cualitativos, se utilizó el programa QDA Miner Lite versión 2.0.9. Resultados: Los jóvenes y adultos muestran conocimientos sobre las medidas de prevención como la vacunación, el uso de mascarillas, el distanciamiento social y el uso de medidas preventivas de acuerdo al riesgo de enfermar. Asimismo, manifiestan desconfianza, molestia y sentimientos de obligación. Las plataformas digitales y las redes sociales fueron los medios de información preferidos, así como la opinión de los especialistas. Conclusiones: En este estudio predominó una desconfianza sobre las vacunas, influenciada por la rapidez de su desarrollo y la falta de información clara sobre su eficacia, así como en el uso de las mascarillas y el distanciamiento social. La desinformación a través de redes sociales ha contribuido a la desconfianza y escepticismo.
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